This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive chassis electrical systems. Part 5 covers how relays and solenoids use small currents to control high-current circuits and mechanical actuators,…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive chassis electrical systems. Part 4 covers how turn signals and hazard flashers use timed circuit interruption, how mechanical canceling cams…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive chassis electrical systems. Part 3 covers how headlights produce light through the halogen cycle, how mechanical aiming and switching circuits…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive chassis electrical systems. Part 2 focuses on how fusible links and circuit breakers provide sacrificial and resettable protection against overloads,…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive chassis electrical systems. Part 1 covers the basic infrastructure of chassis wiring, including power distribution, wire sizing, harness organization, printed…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive air conditioning and heating theory. Part 6 covers the service procedures, diagnostic indicators, leak detection methods, and system dehydration techniques…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive air conditioning and heating theory. Part 5 covers the flow control devices that meter refrigerant into the evaporator, the distribution…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive air conditioning and heating theory. Part 4 covers the magnetic clutch that engages the compressor and the condenser where refrigerant…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive air conditioning and heating theory. Part 3 covers the design and operation of compressors, including reciprocating, radial, axial, and variable…

This article is part of a 6-part series on automotive air conditioning and heating theory. Part 2 explains how pressure controls the boiling point of a refrigerant and describes the…